The All-Purpose Rental Guide

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What are some tenants rights that are protected under law?

As a tenant, you have certain rights, and it is important to know what they are. Although some laws may vary from state to state, there are tenants rights that all renters have in common. Here is an overview of some of the major ones:

• Landlords can't reject an application based on race, color, religion, national origin, age, sex, physical disability, familial status or mental disability. Certain places also prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation or marital status.
• A tenant has the right to "habitable premises" which means the living conditions should be safe and free from major issues such as bad wiring and holes in the ceiling.
• The right to privacy is also protected, and unless there is an emergency, the landlord should give a tenant advance notice if they need to enter the apartment. The amount of notice required varies from state to state.

Tenants rights vary somewhat depending on the state where one is living, but some rights are always protected.

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How can I insure I get the apartment I want?

When you find an apartment you are excited about, you'll want to be sure that you get it. There are ways that you can impress a landlord and help secure a rental. Here are some tips on making sure you get on a landlord's good side:

• Be proactive. Ask for a rental application ahead of time and fill it out completely. Bring it with you when you meet the landlord.
• Get some references from other landlords. Have them put in writing your best qualities as a tenant. Some suggestions include timely rent payments, taking good care of the apartment and abiding by building rules.
• Ask neighbors to write a recommendation for you. Good points to include would be quiet living, cleanliness and overall helpfulness.
• Have other references ready. Getting written confirmation of your personality, responsibility and character from employers or co-workers can also be helpful.

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What does a lease generally cover?

Although some states enforce spoken agreements regarding rental property, it is always safer for both the tenant and the landlord to have a written agreement, commonly known as a lease. The lease spells out the general terms for the relationship between the two parties and can help clear up any disputes should they arise during the course of the agreement.

The lease addresses important issues such as the length of the relationship, who pays for which utilities, the rental cost, security deposit information and the policy on pets. Other things that are often addressed by a lease include whether or not a tenant can sublet the apartment and what the landlord's access will be to the property for the lease term. The document will also typically inform the tenant as to what changes they can make to the apartment during the course of the agreement.

A lease is considered a contract between the landlord and tenant, so make sure you read through the document carefully prior to signing. If there are any areas that you have questions on or disagree with, talk to the landlord about them to see if there is room for negotiation. Signing the lease means that you agree to be bound by the terms set forth in the document.

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Why should I get renters insurance and what should I look for in a policy?

Getting a good renters insurance policy is an important consideration when moving into any new apartment. Although landlords generally have their own insurance that covers the structure, you'll want to be sure that your belongings are covered in case of a disaster or other emergency.

What should you look for in a policy to be sure you are well protected? Here are some things to check out:

• Know what you are getting. Does the policy cover replacement cost or actual cash value? Replacement cost is a better way to go if possible; it covers the cost of the goods today. Actual cash value only covers what the product would be worth right now.
• Expensive items may require a rider. If you have an engagement ring that has a high cash value or an antique that is worth a good deal, make sure you tell your insurance company. Additional coverage may be needed.
• Make sure you know your deductible so you are aware of what costs you would have to come up with out of your own pocket.
• Get the coverage you need. If you live in an area that is prone to earthquakes, be sure that is something you are covered for. Read the policy and think it through carefully before signing on--you'll want to be sure that it prepares you for anything that may happen in your area.
• Look for a multi-policy discount. Some places will give you a break on insurance costs if you have both a renters and automobile insurance policy through their company. It can pay to ask.

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What is a security deposit and how is it used?

The security deposit is a set amount of money that is held by the landlord for the term of the lease. The money helps protect the landlord in case a tenant causes damage or incurs storage fees for items left on the property, among other things. The amount of the deposit varies from state to state and is typically reflected in the lease.

If the landlord is keeping money from the deposit, they must let you know why and how much. Most states require that the notice be written and itemized. Normal wear and tear is not an acceptable reason for deducting funds. Some ways to help insure that you get your deposit back include:

• Giving proper notice when you are ready to move out (these terms are in the lease)
• Returning all of the keys to the property
• Leaving a forwarding address
• Leaving the apartment reasonably clean

The landlord must return the security deposit (less any fees) within the time-frame set by the individual state that the apartment is located in. If they do not return the deposit, the tenant may take them to small claims court to attempt to recover the money.

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